Petroleum industry in Nigeria

Nigeria is the second largest oil and gas producer in Africa (after Angola).^[1] Crude oil from the Niger Delta basin comes in two types: light, and comparatively heavy – the lighter has around 36 of API gravity while the heavier has 20–25 of API gravity. Both types are paraffinic and low in Sulphur.^[2] Nigeria's economy and budget have been largely supported from income and revenues generated from the petroleum industry since 1960.^[3] Statistics as at February 2021 shows that the Nigerian oil sector contributes to about 9% of the entire GDP of the nation.^[4] Nigeria is a major exporter of crude oil and petroleum products to the United States of America. In 2010, Nigeria exported over one million barrels per day to the United States, representing 9% of the U.S. total crude oil and petroleum products imports and over 40% of Nigeria exports.^[5]

The need for holistic reforms in the petroleum industry, ease of doing business, and encouragement of local content in the industry birthed the Petroleum Industry Bill by the Goodluck Jonathan administration on 18 July 2008.^[6][7]